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Tanzania

United Republic of Tanzania
presidial republic
1964 arised by the union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar
own name: Jamhouriya Mwungano wa Tanzania

• Flags

• Historical Flags

• Meaning/Origin of the Flag

• Coat of Arms

• Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms

• Aircraft Roundel

• Map

• Numbers and Facts

• History

• Origin of the Country's Name

Flags

The country was founded in 1964 by the merger of Zanzibar and Tanganyika.

Flagge Fahne Flag National flag State flag national flag state flag Tansania Tanzania Tanzanie

National and state flag,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Flags of the World

Flagge Fahne Flag Naval flag naval flag Tansania Tanzania Tanzanie

Naval flag,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Flags of the World

Flagge Fahne Flag Präsident President Tansania Tanzania Tanzanie

Flag of the President,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Flags of the World

Historical Flags

Flagge Fahne Flag National flag State flag national flag state flag Tanganjika Tanganyika

1961–1964,
Flag of Tanganyika,
ratio = 2:3,
more Info? click here → Tanganyika

Flagge Fahne Flag National flag State flag national flag state flag Sansibar Zanzibar

1964–Apr.1964,
Flag of Zanzibar,
ratio = 2:3,
more Info? click here → Zanzibar

When Zanzibar merged with Tanganyika on 27th of April in 1964 to form the "United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar", the colours of the flags of these two countries were combined into a new national flag on 30th of June in 1964. This flag shows a gold-lined, black diagonal stripe rising from the bottom left, a green triangle at the top left, and a blue triangle at the bottom right. The used colours were determined by the "Planning and Privatization Department" of the Office of the President of Tanzania and follow the "British Standard 2660" from 1955. Green as BS 0-010, which would roughly correspond to Pantone 362 c, blue as BS 0-012, which would roughly correspond to Pantone 299c, and yellow as BS 0-002, which would roughly correspond to Pantone 116c. The black diagonal stripe represents the people, stands for yellow (gold) for the country's rich natural resources, green for the lush vegetation and agriculture and blue for the many lakes, rivers and coastlines on the Indian Ocean.

Source: Flags of the World, Wikipedia (FR), World Statesmen, Die Welt der Flaggen, Flaggen Wappen Hymnen

Coat of Arms

Coat of arms of Tanzania,
Source, by: Corel Draw 4

Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms

The national coat of arms of Tanzania was introduced in 1964, after the merger of Zanzibar and Tanganyika to form the "United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar". Its design was based on the coat of arms of Tanganyika, which was introduced when that country gained independence in 1961. The coat of arms of Tanzania shows a Maasai shield with four fields arranged one below the other, each containing a torch (torch of freedom), the national flag of Tanzania, hatchet and hoe, as well as blue wavy lines (sea) with a spear. Shield holders are a Bantu man and a Bantu woman, both holding an elephant tusk. The shield rests on Mount Kilimanjaro, with coffee plants on the left and cotton plants on the right. The state motto is written in red letters on a white banner. It is in Swahili and reads: "Uhuru na Umoja" → "Freedom and Unity".

Source: Die Welt der Flaggen, Flaggen Wappen Hymnen, Volker Preuß

Aircraft Roundel

since 2010,
Aircraft Roundel,
Source, by: FOX 52,
Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Flugzeugkokarde Kokarde aircraft roundel Tansania Tanzania Tanzanie

1965–2010,
Aircraft Roundel,
Source, by: D. V. Wiebe,
Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Map

Location:

Source: CIA World Factbook

Map of the country:

Source: CIA World Factbook

Numbers and Facts

Area: 364.898 square miles

Inhabitants: 61.741.120 (2022), thereof 95% Bantu, 6% Massai, Tutsi, Hima, Nilots, 1% Europeans, Asians, Arabs

Religions: 63% Christian, 34% Muslim, 1% Animist

Density of Population: 169 inh./sq.mi.

Capital: Dodoma 765.179 inh. (2022)

Seat of Government: Dar es Salaam (Daressalam), 5.383.728 inh. (2022)

official Languages: Swahili, English

other Languages: Bantus Languages, Arabian

Currency: Tanzania Shilling (TZS, TSh) = 100 Cents

Time Zone: GMT + 3 h

Source: Wikipedia (D)

History

Antiquity · settlement area of the Bantu tribes

8th–15th cent. · Zanzibar is a often visited target of Arabian and Persian merchants, establishment of trade stations, islamization, Arabian settlement

975 · foundation of Kilwa and Zanzibar as Arabian trading bases

1499 · the Portugese seafarer Vasco da Gama sails along the coast on his way to India

28th of January 1499 · Vasco da Gama visits Zanzibar

1505 · conquest of Kilwa by the Portugese, appropriation of the whole eastern coast of Africa

1698–1730 · the coast of Tanganyika comes to Oman, as well as Zanzibar

1856 · death of the Sultan of Oman, in result of British pressure division of the country (division of the dynasty in two lines) in the Sultanate of Oman and the Sultanate of Zanzibar, the coast of Tanganyika comes to Zanzibar

17th of February 1885 · Carl Peters acquires places in the innards of the land in the name of the German East African Company (DOAG) from the Sultan of Zanzibar

27th of May 1885 · establishment of the protectorate of German East Africa including German Witu (situated in the today’s Kenya)

28th of April 1888 · the DOAG leases the coast of the mainland from the Sultan of Zanzibar

1st of July 1890 · Heligoland-Sansibar Treaty, the German Empire renounces its protectorate over Zanzibar, in countermove acquisition of the island of Heligoland from United Kingdom and the ceding of German Witu to United Kingdom

7th of November 1890 · United Kingdom establishes its protectorate over the Sultanate of Zanzibar, the Sultans of Zanzibar reign henceforth on behalf of the British crown which is represented by a British Resident in Zanzibar

20th of November 1890 · the administration of the protectorate of German East Africa becomes taken away from the DOAG after riotings and agitations, formation of the colony of German East Africa

1896/1890 · frontier treaties with United Kingdom and Portugal

1914–1918 · First World War (1916 · British, Indian, South African, Belgian and Portuguese troops conquer German East Africa, resistance of the German protection troops until the 14th of November in 1918, 1918 · Portugese troops occupy the Ruvuma Triangle)

1919 · Ruanda and Urundi come under Belgian administration

1920 · the Ruvuma Triangle becomes ceded to Portugal (to Portugese East Africa [Moçambique])

20th of July 1922 · German East Africa becomes a British mandate of the League of Nations with the name Tanganyikas

11th of December 1946 · Tanganyika becomes a trust territory of the UNO

1954 · foundation of the TANU party (Tanganyika African National Union), it claims the independence of the country

1957 · United Kingdom grants Zanzibar limited autonomy

1st of May 1961 · United Kingdom grants self-administration

9th of December 1961 · United Kingdom grants independence in the framework of the Commonwealth of Nations

9th of June 1962 · formation of the "Republic of Tanganyika"

24th of June 1963 · United Kingdom grants Zanzibar self-rule

10th of December 1963 · the Sultanate of Zanzibar becomes independent and a member of the Commonwealth

12th of January 1964 · Revolution, overthrow of the Sultan, Zanzibar becomes a people’s republic, massacres on the Arabian population, even in January takes place a coup d’état, the Afro-Shirazi Party comes into power

27th of April 1964 · the People’s Republic of Zanzibar unites with the Republic of Tanganyika to the "United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar"

29th of October 1964 · rename in "United Republic of Tanzania"

1965 · establishment of a single-party-system (TANU in Tanganyika, ASP in Zanzibar)

1977 · TANU and ASP unite to the CCM unity party

1978 · war with Uganda

1992 · end of the single-party-system

October 1995 · first free elections in Zanzibar since 30 years

since 2000 · grow strong of the islamistic shaped independence movement on Zanzibar which advocates a separation from Tanganyika, also growing of the Tanganyika national movement

Source: Atlas zur Geschichte, Wikipedia (D), Discovery '97, Volker Preuß

Origin of the Country's Name

The name "Tanzania" is assembled by "Tanganyika", "Zanzibar" and "Azania". "Azania" stands for an imaginary Bantu state. Some countries in Africa would give themselves that name after the independence. Last even South Africa after the end of the apartheid.

Source: Wikipedia (D)